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  1. E. Nyberg, S. Aalto and J. Virtamo, Relating Flow Level Requirements to DiffServ Packet Level Mechanisms, COST279, TD(01)04, 2001 (pdf)(bib)
    Abstract: We present a two level modeling approach for DiffServ mechanisms. We first sketch a flow model to capture the user requirements of differentiation and to compare differentiation to traditional best-effort TCP flow level results. We then study how the bandwidth allocations presented on the flow level can be modeled and achieved on the packet level. The DiffServ mechanism we use is the Simple Integrated Media Access (SIMA) proposal. We choose SIMA, as it employs both financial and end-to-end congestion control incentives, and is thus both a flow level and packet level mechanism. As a result of our two level modeling, we show that the differentiation achieved by SIMA is within fixed bounds predetermined by the acquired nominal bit rate of a flow. We further enhance our model to show, how the SIMA priority mechanism is also able to protect TCP flows from bandwidth exhaustion by non-TCP flows.